Simplifying Primary Algebra
George Spencer-Brown
is a master of axiomatic logical algebra. He managed to reduce the five Principia axioms for propositional algebra to just two axioms:
or, wriiten in parentheses notation,
position (x(x))= and
transposition ((xz)(yz))=((x)(y))z,
Reading it existentially, the first axiom is the logical identity x->x and the second axiom is the distribution OR over AND.n of the principle
Louis Kauffman
simplified the Brownian algebra by taking the sixth consequence, extension
or ((x)y)((x)(y))=x, as the single axiom for the algebra. It is a beautiful axiom, because reading it existentially, it is the algebraic formulation the ancient principle of Reductio ad Absurdum: a proposition x is true if only if its negation, NOT x, implies y and NOT y, a contradiction.
However, by defining x=y as x IFF y = (IF x THEN y) AND (IF y THEN X) or (x(y))((x)y), we can derive transposition axiom as a theorem from a new simpler single axiom: position.
Proof:
Transposition ((xz)(yz))=((x)(y))z
=( (((xz)(yz)))((x)(y))z )( ((xz)(yz))(((x)(y))z) ) definition of =
=( (((x )(y )))((x)(y)) )( ((x )(y ))(((x)(y)) ) ) replacement z=
=( ( u ) u )( u ( u ) ) substitution u=((x)(y))
= position
I think position is simpler than extension because it reduce the number of variables from 2 to 1 and the crosses from 5 to 2.
The question is: can we make another simplification?
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